Manavgat \u0130l\u00e7e Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dr. Mustafa Er, 78. Verem E\u011fitim ve Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k Haftas\u0131nda (05-11 Ocak 2025) bilgilendirme yapt\u0131. Dr. Er, \u201cVerem E\u011fitim ve Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k Haftas\u0131\u201d etkinlikleri, toplumda t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturmak ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen faaliyetleri tan\u0131tmak amac\u0131yla d\u00fczenlenmektedir. dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Verem e\u011fitimi ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131k haftas\u0131 etkinlikleri neden d\u00fczenlenmektedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dclkemizde \u201cVerem E\u011fitimi ve Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k (Propaganda) Haftas\u0131\u201d etkinlikleri 1947 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fczenlenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz, g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve etkileri nedeniyle, k\u00fcresel m\u00fccadele gerektiren \u00f6nemli halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkeni nedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkeni Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> complex basilleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yava\u015f \u00e7o\u011falan, k\u00fclt\u00fcrde 2-6 haftada \u00fcreyen ve oksijenli ortamda ya\u015fayan bir basildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l bula\u015f\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Basilin kayna\u011f\u0131, hi\u00e7 tedavi g\u00f6rmemi\u015f veya d\u00fczenli tedavi olmam\u0131\u015f akci\u011fer ve larinks (g\u0131rtlak) t\u00fcberk\u00fclozu olan hastalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hasta insanlardan \u00f6ks\u00fcrme ve hap\u015f\u0131rma ile ortama yay\u0131lan mikrobun solunum yolu ile al\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucu hastal\u0131k bula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Balgam yaymas\u0131 pozitif olan ve akci\u011ferinde kavitesi bulunan hastalar daha fazla basil sa\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En s\u0131k bula\u015fma, hastan\u0131n aile bireyleri ve yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 gibi uzun s\u00fcre ayn\u0131 kapal\u0131 ortam\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015filere olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00fczenli ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile basil say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede azal\u0131r. Hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda, ortalama 2-3 haftada bula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yok olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonu ile t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farklar nelerdir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonu, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz basilinin v\u00fccutta sessiz olarak durdu\u011fu; hastal\u0131k \u015fikayetlerinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n klinik, laboratuvar ve radyolojik bulgular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi durumdur. Latent t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonu (LTBE) olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonu, basilin v\u00fccuda girmesinden 8-10 hafta sonra t\u00fcberk\u00fclin deri testi (TDT) yap\u0131larak tespit edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonu olan ki\u015filerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %10\u2019unda, ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n bir d\u00f6neminde t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Enfekte olup hastal\u0131k geli\u015fmeyen ki\u015filer, enfeksiyonu ba\u015fkalar\u0131na bula\u015ft\u0131rmazlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcberk\u00fclozla ilgili klinik belirti ve bulgular\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fccut direncini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren durumlar, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileyen hastal\u0131klar ve etkenler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda rol oynar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Diabetes mellitus, kronik b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fi, baz\u0131 kanserler, ila\u00e7 ve alkol ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve silikozis de v\u00fccut direncini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda, v\u00fccut direnci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan, hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanma riski eri\u015fkinlere g\u00f6re daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00e7ok akci\u011ferlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmekle birlikte (%60-70) sa\u00e7 ve t\u0131rnak hari\u00e7 t\u00fcm doku ve organlar\u0131 tutabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtileri nelerdir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel yak\u0131nmalar; halsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, kilo kayb\u0131, ate\u015f ve gece terlemesidir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda kilo almada duraklama, b\u00fcy\u00fcme veya geli\u015fme gerili\u011fi olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Solunum sistemi yak\u0131nmalar\u0131; \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, balgam, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fckle kan t\u00fck\u00fcrme, kanl\u0131 balgam (hemoptizi), g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs-s\u0131rt-yan a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Di\u011fer organlar\u0131 tutan akci\u011fer d\u0131\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilgili organa ait bulgular g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin kemik ve eklem t\u00fcberk\u00fclozunda kal\u00e7a, diz veya omurgada \u015fi\u015flik, a\u011fr\u0131, ak\u0131nt\u0131; larinks t\u00fcberk\u00fclozunda ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, lenf bezi t\u00fcberk\u00fclozunda lenf bezi b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, ak\u0131nt\u0131, b\u00f6brek t\u00fcberk\u00fclozunda idrarda kan, iltihap yapabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz atipik olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ki-\u00fc\u00e7 haftadan uzun s\u00fcren ve non-spesifik antibiyotik tedavisi alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen klinik yan\u0131t al\u0131namayan \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz tan\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l konulur?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kesin tan\u0131s\u0131, balgamda t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz basilinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ile konulur. Basilin mikroskopta g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ya da k\u00fclt\u00fcrde \u00fcremesi gereklidir. Son y\u0131llarda yayg\u0131nla\u015fan molek\u00fcler tan\u0131 testleri de ge\u00e7erli tan\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulgular\u0131 yava\u015f geli\u015fir. Hastan\u0131n klinik ve radyolojik bulgular\u0131, hastal\u0131ktan \u015f\u00fcphelenmeyi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fclin deri testi (TDT)\u2019nin pozitif olmas\u0131 v\u00fccutta basil oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Bu durum hem t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz enfeksiyonuna hem de t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla TDT, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin tan\u0131s\u0131nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz tedavisi, t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u201cTan\u0131 ve Tedavi Rehberi\u201d ile belirlenmi\u015f standartlara uygun olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yeni t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastalar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi; iki ay 4\u2019l\u00fc ve d\u00f6rt ay 2\u2019li ila\u00e7la olmak \u00fczere 6 ay s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tedavide kullan\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn ila\u00e7lar, ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00fccretsiz verilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u00fczenli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tedavinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hastan\u0131n, tercihen bir sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin g\u00f6zetiminde ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 \u015feklinde uygulanan \u201cdo\u011frudan g\u00f6zetimli tedavi (DGT)\u201d d\u00fczenli ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en ideal yoldur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tedavi sonland\u0131r\u0131lana kadar, hastan\u0131n ayl\u0131k takiplerinin verem sava\u015f dispanserinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Temasl\u0131 muayenesi ve koruma tedavisi neden gereklidir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 d\u00f6nemde olan t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastas\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 ortamda bulunan ve t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz basiline maruz kalan ki\u015filere \u201ctemasl\u0131\u201d denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastas\u0131n\u0131n temasl\u0131lar\u0131 verem sava\u015f dispanserlerinde \u00fccretsiz olarak muayene edilir ve gerekli tetkikleri yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hasta oldu\u011fu tespit edilen temasl\u0131lar tedavi edilir. Hasta olmayan fakat enfeksiyon ya da hastal\u0131k riski ta\u015f\u0131yan temasl\u0131lar koruma tedavisine al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Koruma tedavisi genellikle tek ila\u00e7la ve 6 ay s\u00fcreyle yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Verem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 kimlere uygulan\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan korunmada BCG (Bacille Calmette Guerin) a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BCG a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, do\u011fumdan sonra ikinci ay\u0131n\u0131 bitiren bebeklere aile sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezleri ya da verem sava\u015f dispanserlerinde \u00fccretsiz olarak yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BCG a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, belirlenen zaman i\u00e7erisinde yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde, t\u00fcberk\u00fclin deri testi (TDT) sonucuna g\u00f6re 6 ya\u015fa kadar uygulanabilir.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n BCG a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ocuklarda a\u011f\u0131r seyreden t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (menenjit ve miliyer TB) \u00f6nlemede etkilidir. DR.Mustafa ER Manavgat \u0130l\u00e7e Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00fc\u015fra Deveci \/ Haber<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Manavgat \u0130l\u00e7e Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dr. Mustafa Er, 78. Verem E\u011fitim ve Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k Haftas\u0131nda (05-11 Ocak 2025) bilgilendirme yapt\u0131. Dr. Er, \u201cVerem E\u011fitim ve Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k Haftas\u0131\u201d etkinlikleri, [more…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27049"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27051,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27049\/revisions\/27051"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}