\u015eimdiye kadar a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak Liberal ekonomi politikalar\u0131 uygulayan iki \u00f6rnek sunduk. \u015eimdi de kolektivist ekonomi (sosyalist ekonomi ) uygulayan ilgin\u00e7 ve tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek sunal\u0131m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SOVYETLER B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00fcy\u00fck OCTOBER DEVR\u0130M\u0130NDEN \u00f6nce Rusya; feodal bir k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumuydu. Hatta s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00f6\u00e7ebe ya\u015fam\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrerdi. Merkezi \u015fehirlerde az geli\u015fmi\u015f sanayi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 vard\u0131. Ekonomik durumu iyi de\u011fildi. A\u00e7l\u0131k ve sefalet her yerde kol geziyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sosyalizm; Rus devrimine kadar ayd\u0131n ve i\u015f\u00e7i gruplar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda pek ciddiye al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015f adamlar\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkililerince de hayal pe\u015finde ko\u015fan, hayal g\u00fc\u00e7leri geni\u015f,\u00fctopik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli maceraperestler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu Sosyalistler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rus \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olan \u015eUBAT DEVR\u0130M\u0130N\u0130 Petrograd\u2019l\u0131 kad\u0131nlar ba\u015flatt\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar 23 \u015eubat 1917 de \u201cBARI\u015e ve EKMEK\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131rarak, Petrograd sokaklar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 g\u00f6ren d\u00fckkan sahipleri de i\u015f yerlerini kapat\u0131p onlara kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Rus ordusunun en ac\u0131mas\u0131z birlikleri Kazaklar da onlara kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler de eyleme ge\u00e7tiler, polis olaylara seyirci kald\u0131. Bol\u015fevikler g\u00f6sterilerin y\u00f6netimini ele ald\u0131lar; \u201cBARI\u015e ve EKMEK\u201d slogan\u0131n\u0131 \u201cKAHROLSUN DESPOT\u0130ZM\u201d slogan\u0131 s\u00fcsl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu eylemlerin sonunda 300 y\u0131ll\u0131k Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devrilip gitmi\u015f, Petrograd halk\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcye y\u00fcr\u00fcye \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devirmi\u015fti. \u015eubat devriminden sonra Bol\u015feviklerin kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 KRENKI h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kuruldu. 8 ay s\u00fcren bu ge\u00e7ici d\u00f6nem sonunda Ekim 1917\u2019de sosyalist devrim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Ba\u015fkan\u0131 da Vladimir \u0130lyichUlyanov, herkesin bildi\u011fi ad\u0131yla LEN\u0130N oldu. Lenin; tek ba\u015f\u0131na Rusya\u2019da sosyalist bir y\u00f6netim kurman\u0131n zor oldu\u011funun bilincindeydi. Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde kendisini takip edecek \u00fclkelerin ve yolda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyordu. Lenin’in devrimin 71. g\u00fcn\u00fc; 70 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren Paris kom\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc bir g\u00fcnde olsa ge\u00e7tikleri i\u00e7in votkay\u0131 \u00e7ekip havaya gelip oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. (2) San\u0131r\u0131m 74 y\u0131l sonra d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan sava\u015f gibi tahripkar bir zorlama olmadan devrimin y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rseydi \u015funlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc; \u201cYanl\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131k, biyoloji biliminde nas\u0131l canl\u0131lar\u0131n evrimle\u015fmesi ger\u00e7ekse, sosyo-politik biliminde de toplumlar\u0131n evrimle\u015fmesi \u015fartt\u0131r\u201d. (Bu tespitte yazara aittir). Sosyalist devrimin ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin sosyalist \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek d\u00fczeyde geli\u015fmesi, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin y\u00fcksek bir e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, sosyalizme ge\u00e7ecek \u00fclkelerin burjuva demokratik devrimini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olmalar\u0131, kapitalist geli\u015fim s\u00fcrecinin y\u00fcksek bir d\u00fczeyde olmas\u0131 ve bir ka\u00e7 geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkenin birlikte hareket etmeleri tarihsel bir zorunluluktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yar\u0131 feodal bir toplumda giri\u015filen; zorlamaya dayal\u0131, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti ortadan kald\u0131ran, kamu m\u00fclkiyetini temel alan bu \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imi b\u00fct\u00fcn zorluklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen; k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumundan -bir sanayi \u00fclkesi- s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7 ve iyi e\u011fitilmi\u015f bir toplum yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 demokrasi talebinin y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7mesi, rekabetin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretim, teknoloji ve yenilenmenin yerinde ve zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lamamas\u0131, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ko\u015fullar\u0131nda zorunlu \u015fartlar\u0131n var olmamas\u0131, global emperyalizmin sermaye ve medya bask\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bir sava\u015f bile olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendili\u011finden \u00e7\u00f6kmek zorunda kald\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Ruslar da 74 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00f6\u011frenmeleri ve geli\u015ftirmeleri gerekeni,kapitalizmin cenderesinde, yokluk i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fczel g\u00fcnlerin \u00f6zlemi ile ya\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kolektivist \u00fcretim bi\u00e7iminde, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet yoktur. \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kamuya aittir. \u00dcretilen de\u011ferler bireylerin emek g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve gereksinimlerine g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ancak zorunlu ilkesel \u015fartlar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu, \u00fcretim bollu\u011fu olan, tarihin \u00e7ok \u00e7ok ilerisindeki, y\u00fcksek bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyine eri\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist toplumlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir…<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rusya son zamanlarda, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyasi ve ekonomik hatalar\u0131 kapatmak amac\u0131yla Milli Ekonomi Modelini uygulamaktad\u0131r. K\u0131smen otoriter bir y\u00f6netim uygulamas\u0131 ile T\u00dcRK bilim adam\u0131, alim- feylezofProf.Dr.Haydar BA\u015e bey\u2019in eseri olan \u201cM\u0130LL\u0130 DEVLET -SOSYAL DEVLET -M\u0130LL\u0130 EKONOM\u0130 MODEL\u0130\u201d ni 2006\u2019dan beri uygulamaktad\u0131r ve anayasas\u0131na ekonomik model olarak yazd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ekonomik model; Liberal-Kapitalist Sistemin aksine, t\u00fcketime dayal\u0131 faizi reddeden ve kapitalist ekonomistlerin savunmalar\u0131n\u0131n da aksine \u201ckaynaklar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131nsa s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu\u201d ger\u00e7e\u011fini savunan, paray\u0131 ve t\u00fcketimi \u00fcretim i\u00e7in \u00a0tahrik unsuru olarak g\u00f6ren, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f projesidir.\u00a0 Sosyal yard\u0131m politikalar\u0131\u00a0 (vatanda\u015fl\u0131k maa\u015f\u0131, ev kad\u0131n\u0131na maa\u015f, \u00e7ocuk ve e\u011fitim yard\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00fcreticinin mal\u0131na al\u0131m garantisi ve destekleme al\u0131mlar\u0131 -sanayicilere ve konut edinmek isteyenlere proje kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 faizsiz kredi sa\u011flama gibi olanaklar ve en \u00f6nemlisi de senyoraj hakk\u0131 (milli devletin h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k hakk\u0131 olan kendi paras\u0131n\u0131 basma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilmesi), milli paralarla ticareti savunmas\u0131 vede \u00fclkenin kaydetti\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131nda paray\u0131 bas\u0131p piyasaya vererek, ekonomik canlanma sa\u011flay\u0131p \u00f6nce t\u00fcketimi sonra da \u00fcretimi te\u015fvik etmesine dayananak\u0131lc\u0131 bir modeldir. Ba\u015fta RUSYA olmak \u00fczere iRAN, \u00c7\u0130N, H\u0130ND\u0130STAN, BREZ\u0130LYA, G\u00dcNEY AFR\u0130KA CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ve enson Yunanistan\u2019da C\u0130PRAS H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve d\u00fcnya genelinde 150\u2019ye yak\u0131n \u00fclke, bu modelden yararlanmaktad\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00fclkemizi y\u00f6netenler bu modele burun k\u0131v\u0131rmakta;\u00a0 bilmez, g\u00f6rmez ve duymazdan gelip, bor\u00e7lanmaya dayal\u0131 faiz-borsa -d\u00f6vize indeksli kumar ekonomisiyle kurtulu\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131na hala inan\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedirler. Konuyu da\u011f\u0131tmayal\u0131m, ileride tekrar d\u00f6nece\u011fim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bilindi\u011fi gibi 1917 October Devrimi T\u00fcrk Ayd\u0131nlanma Devrimini hem desteklemi\u015f hem de ate\u015flemi\u015f ve bu durum Gazi Mustafa Kemal ve Lenin aras\u0131nda antiemperyalist bir dayan\u0131\u015fma ve dostlu\u011fa yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (2) Aydo\u011fan. M. Yeni D\u00fcnya D\u00fczeni Kemalizm ve T\u00fcrkiye. Aral\u0131k.1999<\/p>\n\n\n\n RAMAZAN A\u00c7IKG\u00d6Z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u015eimdiye kadar a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak Liberal ekonomi politikalar\u0131 uygulayan iki \u00f6rnek sunduk. \u015eimdi de kolektivist ekonomi (sosyalist ekonomi ) uygulayan ilgin\u00e7 ve tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek sunal\u0131m [more…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17044,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17116\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}