{"id":17040,"date":"2023-10-25T14:03:57","date_gmt":"2023-10-25T11:03:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/?p=17040"},"modified":"2023-10-25T14:03:57","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25T11:03:57","slug":"bilim-kulubunden-bakis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/2023\/10\/25\/bilim-kulubunden-bakis\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u0130L\u0130M KUL\u00dcB\u00dcNDEN BAKI\u015e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

DEVLET\u0130N EKONOM\u0130DEK\u0130 ROL\u00dc ve KEMAL\u0130ST DEVLET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130K<\/strong> – 1<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

       T\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekler \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famadan ge\u00e7er.\u0130lk a\u015famada, alay edilir. \u0130kincide, \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famada ise, tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bir \u015fekilde kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                                                                   * Arthur Schopenhauer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sunu\u015f: Bu inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131m. O g\u00fcn\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131nda liberal ekonomik anlay\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir s\u00f6ylemle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmak dinazorluk olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yordu. Devir de\u011fi\u015fti, sanal g\u00fczellikvetelevole ekonomistlerin kumarc\u0131 kapitalizmi (d\u00f6viz, borsa ve faiz ekonomisi) \u00f6zellikle A.B.D de kopan MORGATE KR\u0130Z\u0130 ve Leman Broders \u015firketinin iflas\u0131 ile kayaya \u00e7arpt\u0131 ve kapitalizmin akut barsak enfeksiyonuna yakaland\u0131. Prof.Dr. Haydar BA\u015e’\u0131n “Milli Devlet Milli Ekonomi” isimli eserini okuyunca;  g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya ekonomisine y\u00f6n veren \u00fclkelerde g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fimiz baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri de dikkate alarak bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00fcncelledim. D\u00fcnya ekonomik sisteminin \u00e7\u0131kmazda oldu\u011fu bu d\u00f6nemde, konu ile ilgili siyaset ve bilim insanlar\u0131 ile halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131nda; insanl\u0131\u011fa daha yararl\u0131 bir modelin oldu\u011funu anlamalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma devletlerin ekonomi tarihinin \u00f6\u011frenilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir.Ayr\u0131ca insanl\u0131k tarihinin yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck asker, siyaset\u00e7i dahi Ba\u015fkomutan\u0131m\u0131z Gazi Mustafa Kemal ATAT\u00dcRK’\u00fcn (ATAT\u00dcRK’\u00c7\u00dc \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130N\u0130N yani KEMAL\u0130ZM\u0130N) L\u0130BERO-KAP\u0130TAL\u0130STLERCE EN\u00c7OK ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LEN VE HATTA B\u0130RAZ DAHA \u0130LER\u0130 G\u0130D\u0130P TiYE ALMAYA \u00c7ALI\u015eTIKLARI KEMAL\u0130ST DEVLET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130K ilkesinin; devletlerin devam\u0131nda ve toplumlar\u0131n refah\u0131nda ne kadar manidar oldu\u011funu fark\u0131na varacak ve Gazi Pa\u015fam\u0131za bir kez daha hayran kalaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                                           23 Ekim 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fim ve evrimle\u015fme s\u00fcreci \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Homosapiense (ayakta duran, akl\u0131 olan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve sorgulayan insan) ge\u00e7i\u015fi takiben, \u00fcretim ve \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri de ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lkel toplum olan Klan’da \u00fcretim; toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve avc\u0131l\u0131ktan ibaretti.Bu toplumsal yap\u0131da elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler e\u015fit olarak, her bireyin gereksinimine uygun olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\u0130nsanlarda EGO\u0130ZMA (bencillik) ve vah\u015filik duygusu, insan ili\u015fkilerini bozacak d\u00fczeyde de\u011fildi.Bu d\u00f6nemde insanlar birbirlerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fcyor, yakm\u0131yor ve ortak d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 olan di\u011fer varl\u0131klarla sava\u015fmada grup dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunuyorlard\u0131.Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 milyonlarca y\u0131l devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir sonraki a\u015famada, m\u00fclkiyet edinme kavram\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.M\u00fclkiyet kavram\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet edinme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile birlikte, vah\u015fet ve zalimlikler de ba\u015fg\u00f6sterdi, b\u00f6ylece binlerce y\u0131l s\u00fcren K\u00f6leciToplum D\u00fczeni kuruldu. M\u00fclkiyetin geni\u015flemesi ve topra\u011f\u0131n belirli ellerde toplanmas\u0131 ile de bin y\u0131l s\u00fcren FeodalToplum D\u00fczeni yerk\u00fcreye egemen oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne yaz\u0131k ki, \u00fclkemizin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hala pek \u00e7ok yerinde hakim d\u00fczen “FEODAL\u0130ZM” dir. Bunu da 500 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam etmekte olan BURJUVA KAP\u0130TAL\u0130ZM\u0130 y\u00f6netimi takip etti.BURJUVA KAP\u0130TAL\u0130ZM\u0130; buhar makinesinin icad\u0131, tar\u0131m ve sanayide makine teknolojisinin geli\u015fimi, matbaan\u0131n icad\u0131 ve yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile Katolik Kilisesinin devlet y\u00f6netimleri \u00fczerindeki etkisinin azalmas\u0131, bunun yan\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131f kavram\u0131n\u0131n (i\u015f\u00e7i ve sermaye s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her toplumsal d\u00fczende ekonomik i\u015flerlik ve \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.Sanayi toplumu ile birlikte L\u0130BERAL EKONOM\u0130 g\u00fcndemdedir.L\u0130BERAL\u0130ZM; bir \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imi -bir siyasi anlay\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuramc\u0131s\u0131 Adam SMITH’dir. Liberalekonomi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin mimar\u0131 olan \u0130ngiliz iktisat\u00e7\u0131 A. SMITH, 1776’da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Uluslar\u0131n Zenginli\u011fi” isimli eserinde, devletin yap\u0131s\u0131 gere\u011fi ekonomiyi k\u00f6t\u00fc bi\u00e7imde dahi olsa y\u00f6netemeyece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc savunmu\u015ftu. Ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc savunan H. SPENCER de devletin e\u011fitim alan\u0131nda bile rol oynamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve bunun bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere zarar verece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zetle L\u0130BERAL\u0130ZM; ekonomide \u00f6zel giri\u015fimi ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ferdi m\u00fclkiyetive de haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.\u00d6zel giri\u015fimciler i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler tan\u0131r ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetleryasalarla bunun alt yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“B<\/strong>\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z<\/strong> Y<\/strong>aps\u0131nlar<\/strong>, B<\/strong>\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z<\/strong> G<\/strong>e\u00e7sinler<\/strong>“<\/strong>s\u00f6z\u00fc, L\u0130BERAL\u0130ZM’in temel ilkesidir.Bu felsefeyi benimseyen toplumlarda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, hep iktidar yanda\u015flar\u0131na ve toplum i\u00e7indeki a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fc insanlara tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Liberalizm \u015fimdi tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 verece\u011fim i\u015fadam\u0131 kimli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde toplumlar\u0131n kalk\u0131nmas\u0131nda yararl\u0131 olabilir. S.SCHUMPETER’in i\u015fadaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131; \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rlerini biraraya getiren, yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnler geli\u015ftiren, yeni teknolojileri uygulayan, yeni pazarlar bulan ve kaynaklar\u0131 verimli kullanan ki\u015fidir. \u0130\u015fadaml\u0131\u011f\u0131, te\u015fvik ve vergi iadesi al\u0131p devleti soyan, sa\u011f\u0131-solu doland\u0131ran, banka kredilerinin \u00fczerine yatan c\u00fcruflar toplulu\u011fu de\u011fildir. Pergel geni\u015fledi, tabi a\u00e7\u0131 da geni\u015fledi, toparlayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu t\u00fcrden liberal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere ra\u011fmen devletler uzun s\u00fcre ekonomide rol oynad\u0131. 17. ve 18. y\u00fczy\u0131ldad\u00fcnya ekonomisinde MERKANT\u0130L\u0130ST d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hakimdir. MERKANT\u0130L\u0130ST(K\u00fcl\u00e7ecilik) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce; devlet gelirlerinin bir yerde toplanmas\u0131d\u0131r.Bu tam anlam\u0131yla “Devlet Baba” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 olup devlet ve gelirleri \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konuyu a\u00e7maya devam edelim. Birinci \u00f6rne\u011fimiz \u0130ngiltere olsun: Sanayi Devrimini takiben, \u0130ngiltere 300 y\u0131l s\u00fcren ve \u00fczerinde g\u00fcne\u015fin batmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, okyanus \u00f6tesi B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nu kurdu. Rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6yleyebiliriz ki en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci, Emperyalizm ve Kapitalizmin a\u011fababas\u0131 \u0130ngiltere, 19.y\u00fczy\u0131la kadard\u00fcnyan\u0131n egemen g\u00fcc\u00fcyd\u00fc. \u0130ngiliz Lordlar\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r’dan Nil Vadisi’nin pamu\u011funu, Avusturalya’n\u0131n y\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc ve etini, Hindistan’\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00e7e\u015fitli egzotik yiyeceklerini ve baharatlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrerek g\u00fcnlerini g\u00fcn ediyorlar, g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri soylu \u0130ngiliz atlar\u0131yla gezinti ve av partileri d\u00fczenliyorlar, ak\u015famlar\u0131 da \u015fatafatl\u0131 salonlarda kadeh kald\u0131r\u0131p, pipo i\u00e7ip  duman\u0131n\u0131 seyrederek ya\u015fay\u0131p gidiyorlard\u0131. Ne muazzam bir ya\u015famd\u0131… S\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fckleri geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclke halklar\u0131n\u0131n yoksullu\u011fu ve a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulu d\u00fczenleri ve uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 zalimlikler… B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gelece\u011fini karartan emperyalist \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ad\u0131na i\u015fliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Tarihi ger\u00e7ekleri dramatize etmemiz az bile fakat a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 daraltal\u0131m. Peki bu durum ne zamana kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc? Bu; Osmanl\u0131’ya Sevri dayatmave Anadolu’nun ba\u011fr\u0131nda baruttan daha tehlikeli bir ideolojinin(ulusalla\u015fmak ve tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k)do\u011fmas\u0131na kadar devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk Milletinin ebedi ba\u015fkomutan\u0131 Gazi Mustafa Kemal ATAT\u00dcRK 19 May\u0131s 1919 da Samsun’dan Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131p, Lozan’da Sevri y\u0131rtarak, t\u00fcm Orta-Do\u011fu ve Uzak-Do\u011fu halklar\u0131na da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tutana kadar devam etti. Ulusal kurtulu\u015f hareketlerini takiben \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi geriledi.Yerini ABD s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi ald\u0131.\u0130ngiltere’nin ekonomisi gerilemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ulu \u00f6nder Gazi Mustafa Kemal ATAT\u00dcRK – ki akl\u0131n ve bilimin yol g\u00f6stericili\u011fini rehber edinmi\u015fti- yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hareketle s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fe dayal\u0131 \u0130ngiliz ekonomisini sudan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bal\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla koca imparatorluk, pen\u00e7eleri s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fl\u0131 bir aslan gibi olmu\u015ftu.Art\u0131k A. SMITH’in liberal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri eskimi\u015fti \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeler tek tek kaybedilmekteydi ve bu y\u00fczden devletin etkin oldu\u011fu bir ekonomik yap\u0131lanmaya gidildi. 1920’li y\u0131llara kadar devletin ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revinin; savunma, i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik ve e\u011fitim alan\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. \u0130ngiliz ekonomist KEYNES, devletin sosyal alanlardaki sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karan bir teori geli\u015ftirmi\u015f ve ekonomiyi canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur.KEYNES’e g\u00f6re devlet gelirleri; i\u015fsizli\u011fin \u00f6nlenmesi, hastalara ve toplumun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli kesimlerine destek olmak amac\u0131yla harcanmal\u0131d\u0131r.Sosyal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n temelinde de bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KEYNES’ in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri y\u0131llarca Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin izledi\u011fi ekonomi politikalar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu.\u0130ngilterede de KEYNES’ci politikalar sonucu devletin ekonomideki i\u015flevi artt\u0131.Kamuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n toplam istihdam i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 y\u00fckseldi.Birinci Cihan Harbi’nden sonra devletin ekonomideki i\u015flevi daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem kazand\u0131.\u00d6rne\u011fin; 1926’da BBC yay\u0131n kurumu ile Genel Elektirik \u00dcretim Kurumu birer devlet kurumu olarak kuruldu.1934’de Londra’da yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurumu olu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1945 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Temmuz ay\u0131nda iktidara gelen i\u015f\u00e7i partisinin en \u00f6ncelikli hedeflerinden biri de, \u00f6nemli ekonomi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 devletle\u015ftirmek oldu. Bu ama\u00e7la k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u015fletmeleri, demir yollar\u0131 ve telekom\u00fcnikasyon firmalar\u0131 devletle\u015ftirildi. Bu kurumlar \u0130ngiltere n\u00fcfusunun %20’sini istihdam ediyordu. (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fbakan THATCHER’\u0131n iktidara gelerek \u0130ngiliz ekonomisinde k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda, \u0130ngiliz ekonomisinde KEYNES’ci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hakim oldu.1970’li y\u0131llarda petrol fiyatlar\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 art\u0131\u015f ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr madeni i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 grevleri, ekonomiyi ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131 olumsuz etkiledi.B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar muhafazakar partinin ba\u015f\u0131na ve daha sonra da ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa Margaret THATCHER’in gelmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu arada; \u0130ngiliz \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi lideri Tony BLA\u0130R de 1980’li y\u0131llarda kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 savunan fikrini de\u011fi\u015ftirip, ekonominin piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131na tabi olmas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc benimsedi.”M. Thatcher” ger\u00e7ek anlamda liberal politikalar uygulad\u0131.Zaman zaman sars\u0131lan prestijini FOLKLAND ADALARINA askeri \u00e7\u0131kartma yaparak d\u00fczeltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   T. Blair’e g\u00f6re \u0130ngiltere Lordlar \u00fclkesiydi, \u015fimdi de “\u0130\u015f Adamlar\u0131” \u00fclkesi olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Geleneksel KEYNES’ci politikalarla bir yere var\u0131lamazd\u0131.\u0130ngiliz ekonomisi, uluslar aras\u0131 rekabetin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutularak korunamazd\u0131.  \u0130ngiltere de sermaye ihra\u00e7 etmeli, ucuz emek ve metas\u0131 olan geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmal\u0131, spek\u00fclatif borsa oyunlar\u0131ndan vurgun vurmal\u0131, ileti\u015fim teknolojisi pazarlamal\u0131, gen teknolojisinden servet kazanmal\u0131yd\u0131. Zira yerk\u00fcre, sermaye ve emperyalist odaklar ad\u0131na ivme kazanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6nmekteydi. Bu arada belirtelim; \u0130ngiltere’nin IMF y\u00f6netimindeki oy a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 % 5.05 dir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u0130ncelemedeki tespitlerim \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u0130ngiliz ekonomisinin temelinde y\u0131llarca s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halklar\u0131n de\u011ferleri, iyi geli\u015fmi\u015f bir sanayi burjuvazisinin olmas\u0131, \u00e7ok iyi yeti\u015fmi\u015f bir i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u011fitime verilen \u00f6nem, y\u00fcksek teknoloji kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve bizdeki “K\u00d6Y ENST\u0130T\u00dcLER\u0130” modeli gibi “yaparak \u00f6\u011frenmeye” verilen \u00f6nemi saptad\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u0130ngiltere’si ise; Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve ABD’nin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f ekonomisinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bocalay\u0131p durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr.Ramazan A\u00c7IKG\u00d6Z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DEVLET\u0130N EKONOM\u0130DEK\u0130 ROL\u00dc ve KEMAL\u0130ST DEVLET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130K – 1        T\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekler \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famadan ge\u00e7er.\u0130lk a\u015famada, alay edilir. \u0130kincide, \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famada ise, tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z [more…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17040"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17040\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizhaber.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}